Chemicals and Drugs

Acetazolamide

One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)

National Library of MedicineMedical Subject Headings2026

Structured Summary

Abstract

One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)

Chemical Identity

Chemical Information

Molecular Formula
C4H6N4O3S2
Molecular Weight
222.3 g/mol
CAS Registry No.
59-66-5
IUPAC Name
N-(5-sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)acetamide
InChIKey
BZKPWHYZMXOIDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES
CC(=O)NC1=NN=C(S1)S(=O)(=O)N
MeSH Unique ID
D000086
Source
PubChem CID 1986

MeSH Record

Classification

Broader headings

Related Concepts

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Drug Class

Pharmacological Action

MeSH Record

Synonyms

20 entry terms
  • Acetadiazol
  • Acetazolam
  • Acetazolamide Sodium, (Sterile)
  • Acetazolamide, Monosodium Salt
  • Ak-Zol
  • Apo-Acetazolamide
  • Diacarb
  • Diamox
  • Diuramide
  • Défiltran
  • Edemox
  • Glauconox
  • Glaupax
  • Huma-Zolamide
  • Ak Zol
  • AkZol
  • Apo Acetazolamide
  • ApoAcetazolamide
  • Huma Zolamide
  • HumaZolamide

MeSH Record

Aspects Covered

25 allowable subheadings

Indexed with the subheadings administration & dosage, adverse effects, agonists, analogs & derivatives, analysis, antagonists & inhibitors, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, chemical synthesis, chemistry, classification, economics, history, immunology, isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, poisoning, radiation effects, standards, supply & distribution, therapeutic use, toxicity, urine.

MeSH Hierarchy

Tree Numbers

  1. D02w.886w.675.867w.060w
  2. D03w.383.129w.708.867w.060w

AMA Style

References

  1. National Library of Medicine. Acetazolamide. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). 2026. Unique ID D000086. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2026/D000086
  2. Acetazolamide. In: Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetazolamide
  3. Acetazolamide. In: Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413690
  4. Acetazolamide. In: PubChem Compound. CID 1986. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1986