Chemicals and Drugs

Cholera Toxin

An ENTEROTOXIN from VIBRIO CHOLERAE. It consists of two major protomers, the heavy (H) or A subunit and the B protomer which consists of 5 light (L) or B subunits. The catalytic A subunit is proteolytically cleaved into fragments A1 and A2. The A1 fragment is a MONO(ADP-RIBOSE) TRANSFERASE. The B protomer binds cholera toxin to intestinal epithelial cells and facilitates the uptake of the A1 fragment. The A1 catalyzed transfer of ADP-RIBOSE to the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G PROTEINS activates the production of CYCLIC AMP. Increased levels of cyclic AMP are thought to modulate release of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal crypt cells.

National Library of MedicineMedical Subject Headings2026

Structured Summary

Abstract

An ENTEROTOXIN from VIBRIO CHOLERAE. It consists of two major protomers, the heavy (H) or A subunit and the B protomer which consists of 5 light (L) or B subunits. The catalytic A subunit is proteolytically cleaved into fragments A1 and A2. The A1 fragment is a MONO(ADP-RIBOSE) TRANSFERASE. The B protomer binds cholera toxin to intestinal epithelial cells and facilitates the uptake of the A1 fragment. The A1 catalyzed transfer of ADP-RIBOSE to the alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G PROTEINS activates the production of CYCLIC AMP. Increased levels of cyclic AMP are thought to modulate release of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal crypt cells.

MeSH Record

Classification

Broader headings

Related Concepts

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Drug Class

Pharmacological Action

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See Also

MeSH Record

Synonyms

18 entry terms
  • Cholera Enterotoxin CT
  • Cholera Exotoxin
  • Choleragen
  • Enterotoxin CT, Cholera
  • Exotoxin, Cholera
  • Toxin, Cholera
  • Cholera Toxin A
  • Cholera Toxin A Subunit
  • Cholera Toxin B
  • Cholera Toxin B Subunit
  • Cholera Toxin Protomer A
  • Cholera Toxin Protomer B
  • Cholera Toxin Subunit A
  • Cholera Toxin Subunit B
  • Choleragenoid
  • Procholeragenoid
  • Toxin A, Cholera
  • Toxin B, Cholera

MeSH Record

Aspects Covered

27 allowable subheadings

Indexed with the subheadings administration & dosage, adverse effects, agonists, analysis, antagonists & inhibitors, biosynthesis, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, chemical synthesis, chemistry, classification, economics, genetics, history, immunology, isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, physiology, poisoning, radiation effects, standards, supply & distribution, therapeutic use, toxicity, urine.

MeSH Record

Indexing Annotation

/antag permitted but consider also ANTITOXINS

MeSH Record

History Note

78

MeSH Record

Previous Indexing

  • Bacterial Proteins (1966-1977)
  • Bacterial Toxins (1977)
  • Enterotoxins (1966-1977)
  • Toxins (1966-1967)

MeSH Hierarchy

Tree Numbers

  1. D08.811w.913w.400w.725w.115.180w
  2. D23.946w.123.194w
  3. D23.946w.330w.150w

MeSH Record

NLM Classification

WC 262

AMA Style

References

  1. National Library of Medicine. Cholera Toxin. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). 2026. Unique ID D002772. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2026/D002772
  2. Cholera Toxin. In: Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera_toxin
  3. Cholera Toxin. In: Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83586