Chemicals and Drugs

Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme

A mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the side-chain cleavage of C27 cholesterol to C21 pregnenolone in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP11A1 gene, catalyzes the breakage between C20 and C22 which is the initial and rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of various gonadal and adrenal steroid hormones.

National Library of MedicineMedical Subject Headings2026

Structured Summary

Abstract

A mitochondrial cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the side-chain cleavage of C27 cholesterol to C21 pregnenolone in the presence of molecular oxygen and NADPH-FERRIHEMOPROTEIN REDUCTASE. This enzyme, encoded by CYP11A1 gene, catalyzes the breakage between C20 and C22 which is the initial and rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of various gonadal and adrenal steroid hormones.

MeSH Record

Classification

Broader headings

Related Concepts

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MeSH Record

Synonyms

12 entry terms
  • 20,22-Desmolase
  • CYP 11A1
  • CYP11A1
  • Cholesterol Desmolase
  • Cholesterol Monooxygenase (Side-Chain-Cleaving)
  • Cytochrome P-450 CYP11A1
  • Cytochrome P-450(scc)
  • Cytochrome P450 11A1
  • Cytochrome P450scc
  • 20,22 Desmolase
  • Cholesterol Side Chain Cleavage Enzyme
  • Cytochrome P 450 CYP11A1

MeSH Record

Aspects Covered

29 allowable subheadings

Indexed with the subheadings administration & dosage, adverse effects, analysis, antagonists & inhibitors, biosynthesis, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, chemical synthesis, chemistry, classification, deficiency, drug effects, economics, genetics, history, immunology, isolation & purification, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, physiology, poisoning, radiation effects, standards, supply & distribution, therapeutic use, toxicity, ultrastructure, urine.

MeSH Record

History Note

2003 (1975)

MeSH Record

Previous Indexing

  • Cholesterol (1971-1974)
  • Multienzyme Complexes (1973-1974)
  • Oxidoreductases (1971-1974)

MeSH Hierarchy

Tree Numbers

  1. D08.244w.453w.484.250w
  2. D08.244w.453w.915w.212w
  3. D08.811w.682w.690w.708.170w.425.250w
  4. D08.811w.682w.690w.708.170w.915w.212w
  5. D12.776w.422w.220w.453w.484.250w
  6. D12.776w.422w.220w.453w.915w.212w

AMA Style

References

  1. National Library of Medicine. Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). 2026. Unique ID D002786. http://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/2026/D002786
  2. Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme. In: Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesterol_side-chain_cleavage_enzyme
  3. Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme. In: Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412483